The human brain is an extraordinary learning machine. Its ability to reprogram itself is unparalleled, and it remains the best source of inspiration for recent developments in artificial intelligence. But what innate biological foundations underlie our ability to acquire new information? Delving into computer science, neurobiology, and cognitive psychology, Stanislas Dehaene explains how learning really works and how to make the best use of the brain's learning algorithms in our schools and universities, as well as in everyday life and at any age.